调脂通络胶囊对动脉粥样硬化大耳白兔血脂及炎性因子水平的影响

Effect of Tiaozhitongluo capsule on blood lipid and inflammatory factors in atherosclerotic rabbits

目的探讨调脂通络胶囊对动脉粥样硬化大耳白兔总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平的影响。方法日本大耳白兔36只,随机分为对照组6只和实验组30只。实验组饲喂高脂饲料制备动脉粥样硬化模型,对照组饲喂等体积普通饲料。模型制备成功后,实验组随机分为调脂通络高、中、低剂量组和血脂康组及模型组各6只,分别给予调脂通络胶囊浸膏4.92g/(kg·d)、2.46g/(kg·d)、1.23g/(kg·d),血脂康胶囊1mL/(kg·d)及等体积生理盐水灌胃,均2次/d,共30d。药物干预90d时处死白兔,光镜下观察主动脉壁病理变化;耳缘静脉采血,测定血清TC、TG、LDL、HDL、NO、CRP水平,并进行比较。结果对照组主动脉形态正常,动脉内膜光滑;模型组动脉粥样硬化斑块几乎布满血管腔,内皮细胞脱落,平滑肌细胞增生、迁移均较重,出现部分钙化、动脉瘤及大块粥样瘤;血脂康组和调脂通络低、中、高剂量组动脉粥样硬化斑块呈间断分布,内皮细胞脱落,平滑肌细胞增生、迁移均较模型组轻;TC、TG、LDL、CRP水平在调脂通络低剂量组[(14.50±1.36)mmol/L、(5.52±0.16)mmol/L、(13.73±0.51)mmol/L、(14.93±0.56)mg/L],中剂量组[(15.75±0.81)mmol/L、(5.58±0.12)mmol/L、(14.12±0.58)mmol/L、(14.81±0.69)mg/L],高剂量组[(15.73±1.93)mmol/L、(5.53±0.37)mmol/L、(14.03±0.55)mmol/L、(14.53±0.98)mg/L]和血脂康组[(15.21±0.85)mmol/L、(5.43±0.08)mmol/L、(13.56±0.83)mmol/L、(14.71±0.84)mg/L]均低于模型组[(18.59±1.34)mmol/L、(8.78±1.01)mmol/L、(21.35±2.52)mmol/L、(17.13±1.29)mg/L],且高于对照组[(1.23±0.13)mmol/L、(1.30±0.05)mmol/L、(1.28±0.03)mmol/L、(3.21±0.09)mg/L](P<0.05),调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组TC、TG、LDL、CRP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组NO水平[(86.25±1.90)、(87.23±3.81)、(87.84±2.61)、(87.09±2.84)mmol/L]均低于对照组[(105.40±4.63)mmol/L](P<0.05),高于模型组[(83.12±2.58)mmol/L](P<0.05);调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组NO水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6组HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论动脉粥样硬化大耳白兔应用调脂通络胶囊可能通过促进NO表达,抑制TC、TG、LDL、CRP表达来发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用。

Objective To explore the influences of Tiaozhitongluo capsule on the expressions of total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),high density lipoprotein(HDL),nitric oxide(NO)and C-reactive protein(CRP)in Japanese big-ear white rabbits with atherosclerosis.Methods Thirty-six Japanese big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into control group(n=6)and experimental group(n=30).Experimental group was fed with high-fat diet to establish atherosclerosis models,and control group was fed with equivalent volume of regular feed.After the models were successfully established,experimental group was randomly divided into Tiaozhitongluo capsule high-,medium-and low-dose groups,Xuezhikang group and model group,with 6rabbits in each group,receiving gavage with4.92,2.46 and 1.23g/(kg·d)Tiaozhitongluo capsule,respectively,1mL/(kg·d)Xuezhikang and equivalent volume of normal saline,twice a day,totally for 30 d.The rabbits were sacrificed by 90 dafter the end of treatment.The pathological changes of the aortic wall were observed under light microscope.Ear marginal vein blood was drawn to detect the levels of serum TC,TG,LDL,HDL,NO and CRP and compare with control group.Results In control group,the aorta was normal and the arterial intima was smooth.The atherosclerotic plaques in model group almost covered vascular lumen,the degree of endothelial cell shedding,and smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration were severe,and some calcification,aneurysm and chump occurred.The levels of atherosclerotic plaques disjunctively distributed in Xuezhikang group and Tiaozhitongluo capsule low-,medium-and high-dose groups,and the degree of endothelial cell shedding,and smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration were lighter than those in model group.The expressions of TC,TG,LDL and CRP were significantly lower in Tiaozhitongluo capsule low-dose group((14.50±1.36)mmol/L,(5.52±0.16)mmol/L,(13.73±0.51)mmol/L,(14.93±0.56)mg/L),medium-dose group((15.75±0.81)mmol/L,(5.58±0.12)mmol/L,(14.12±0.58)mmol/L,(14.81±0.69)mg/L),high-dose group((15.73±1.93)mmol/L,(5.53±0.37)mmol/L,(14.03±0.55)mmol/L,(14.53±0.98)mg/L)and Xuezhikang group((15.21±0.85)mmol/L,(5.43±0.08)mmol/L,(13.56±0.83)mmol/L,(14.71±0.84)mg/L)than those in model group((18.59±1.34)mmol/L,(8.78±1.01)mmol/L,(21.35±2.52)mmol/L,(17.13±1.29)mg/L),and higher than those in control group((1.23±0.13)mmol/L,(1.30±0.05)mmol/L,(1.28±0.03)mmol/L,(3.21±0.09)mg/L)(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences between Tiaozhitongluo low-,medium-and high-dose group and Xuezhikang group(P>0.05).The expression of NO was significantly lower in Tiaozhitongluo low-,medium-and high-dose groups and Xuezhikang group((86.25±1.90),(87.23±3.81),(87.84±2.61),(87.09±2.84)mmol/L)than that in control group((105.40±4.63)mmol/L)(P<0.05),and higher than that in model group((83.12±2.58)mmol/L)(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Tiaozhitongluo low-,medium-and high-dose group and Xuezhikang group(P>0.05).There were no significant difference in HDL level among six groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Tiaozhitongluo capsule can promote NO expression and inhibit the expressions of TC,TG,LDL and CRP in big-ear white rabbits with atherosclerosis.