慢性牙周炎患者外周血CD4^+CD25^+调节性T细胞表达

Expression of CD4^+ CD25^+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis

目的探讨外周血单个核细胞CD4^+CD25^+调节性T细胞(Tregulatory, Treg)在慢性牙周炎患者中的表达。方法慢性牙周炎患者40例,其中轻中度组22例和重度组18例;同期31例牙周健康者为对照组。采用流式细胞术检测3组CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg、CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg表达;采用ELISA法测定3组血浆转化生长因子-β(transforming grow factor-β, TGF-β)水平;Pearson法分析CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg与CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg,CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg、CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg与牙周袋探诊深度的相关性。结果轻中度组、重度组CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg[(2.88±1.50)%、(2.52±1.03)%]、CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg表达[(4.42±1.49)%、(3.85±1.02)%]、血浆TGF-β水平[(1 054.18±370.35)、(1 003.78±398.76)ng/L]低于对照组[(3.57±1.11)%、(6.27±1.67)%、(1 296.60±303.17)ng/L](P<0.05),轻中度组与重度组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Pearson线性相关分析结果显示,CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg与CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg表达呈正相关(r=0.776,P<0.001),CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+Treg、CD4^+CD25^+CD127^(low/-)Treg均与牙周袋探诊深度呈负相关(r=-0.333,P=0.005;r=-0.551,P<0.001)。结论慢性牙周炎CD4^+CD25^+Treg介导的免疫应答减弱,可能促进疾病的发生、发展。

Objective To investigate the expression of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells(Treg)in peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis(CP).Methods Forty patients with CP were divided into mild to moderated group(n=22)and severe group(n=18),and another 30 healthy volunteers were as controls(control group).The levels of CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry in three groups.The levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)was detected by ELISA technique.The correlations of CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg with CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg,as well as CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg with periodontal probing depth were analyzed by Pearson correlation method.Results The levels of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg((2.88±1.50)%,(2.52±1.03)%),CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg((4.42±1.49)%,(3.85±1.02)%)and TGF-β((1 054.18±370.35),(1 003.78±398.76)ng/L)in mild to moderate group and severe group were significantly lower than those in control group((3.57±1.11)%,(6.27±1.67)%,(1 296.60±303.17)ng/L)(P<0.05),and showed no significant differences between mild to moderate group and severe group(P>0.05).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg was positively with CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg(r=0.776,P<0.001),while CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Treg were negatively correlated with periodontal probing depth(r=-0.333,P=0.005;r=-0.551,P<0.001).Conclusion CD4+CD25+Treg mediated immune responses in CP are weakened and might contribute to the development and progression of CP.