法律修订视角下环境民事公益诉讼主体问题探索

On the Subject of Environmental Civil Public Welfare Litigation from the Perspective of Legal Amendment

2012年《民事诉讼法》修订时增设公益诉讼制度,2014年修订的《环境保护法》也增设了环境公益诉讼制度,2017年《民事诉讼法》再次修订时又规定了检察民事公益诉讼制度。此后,一些司法解释也对民事公益诉讼制度作了补充和细化。然而,在对法律层面和司法解释层面的制度进行考察后,发现现有制度对民事环境公益诉讼原告主体资格的设计仍然存在某些问题,使得民事环境公益诉讼在实际运行中面临着重重困境。为此,有必要采取相应措施解决之,以保障环境民事公益诉讼制度能够切实有效地实施。

The public welfare litigation system,established in the amendment of the Civil Procedure Law in 2012,was additionally introduced in the Environmental Protection Act. Soon afterwards,the CPL revised,the prosecution civil public welfare litigation system stipulated. Since then,some judicial interpretations also supplemented and refined the system. However,with an examination in the legislative and judicial interpretation perspective,we found reserved issue underneath the contemporary system that the determination of plaintiff in environmental civil public welfare litigation is vague and,sometimes,misleading,which land the practice into great difficulties. To insure its effective implementation,it is necessary to take corresponding measures coping with the problem.