缺血性脑卒中中药治疗进展

Research Progress of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

中药及其活性成分通过减少炎症介质的释放,减轻白细胞浸润和保护血脑屏障,对脑缺血后的炎症反应进行干预发挥药理作用。中药单片及其有效成分能够直接透过血脑屏障,促进其他药物的渗透,同时在血脑屏障受损时降低其通透性,修复损伤,保护脑组织。通过抑制缺血诱导的小胶质细胞激活和其介导的促炎细胞因子在缺血区产生微粒,生成促炎介质,增加黏附分子的表达;同时,中药可抑制血管瘤,改善缺血性脑卒中的神经功能损伤,调节转录因子NF-κB。中药对缺血性脑卒中具有良好的抗炎药效,但目前对于中药作用机制的阐述尚不明确,对炎症作用的靶点研究不足,对中药主要有效成分的研究较为片面,今后需进一步加强运用生物技术研究中药的化学成分,明确其活性成分,阐明中药对缺血性脑卒中介导炎症反应的精确机制。

Chinese medicine and its active ingredients can reduce the release of inflammatory mediators,reduce leukocyte infiltration and protect the blood-brain barrier,and interfere with the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia. A single tablet of Chinese medicine and its active ingredients can directly penetrate the blood-brain barrier,promote the penetration of other drugs,reduce the permeability of the blood-brain barrier,repair the damage,and protect the brain tissue. By inhibiting ischemia-induced microglia activation and its mediated proinflammatory cytokines producing microparticles in the ischemic area,proinflammatory mediators are formed and expression of adhesion molecules is increased. At the same time,Chinese medicine can inhibit hemangiomas,improve neurological damage in ischemic stroke,and regulate transcription factor NF-κB. Chinese medicine has good anti-inflammatory effects on ischemic stroke. However,the current explanation of the mechanism of action of Chinese medicine is still unclear,and the research on the target of inflammatory effect is insufficient. The research on the active ingredients of the main Chinese medicine is relatively one-sided. In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the use of biotechnology to study the chemical composition of Chinese medicines,clarify the active ingredients,and further clarify the precise mechanism of Chinese medicine for the inflammatory response of ischemic stroke.