从《黄帝内经》看精神疾病的好发季节

Attacking Season of Mental Illness in Huang Di Nei Jing

精神疾病无论是其发病还是复发都和季节变化有关,多集中在春与秋两季。《黄帝内经》认为肝应春、主疏泄。肝如不能顺应季节变化,易出现肝气升发困难、肝气凝滞。因此,春季精神性疾病发率较高。肺在季为秋,在志为悲。现代人生活工作压力大,很容易就会引起悲伤情绪。同时,春分、秋分时,阴阳气机交融。从春分之日起,万物则由阴气主令而演化为阳气主令,到了秋分之日则刚好相反。因此,春分、秋分时,自然对人体的作用最为显著。身体气血阴阳的转变又容易导致气机逆乱,对人体的身心发展都会带来严重的影响,从而导致精神疾病的发病率多于其他季节。在防治疾病的过程中,春天更应该关注情志的变化或者增加药物的剂量,注意调节阳气;秋冬季节则要侧重于滋补阴气。

Mental illness,whether the onset or recurrence of which,is related to seasonal changes,and most of the cases take place in spring or autumn.It is believed in Huang Di Nei Jing that the Liver is the corresponding Zang of spring and functions in catharsis.If the Liver does not respond to seasonal changes,Liver Qi rising would become difficult,which would cause Liver Qi stagnation.Therefore,the incidence of mental illness in spring is higher.The Lungs is the corresponding Zang of autumn and the corresponding mood is sadness.Modern people have a lot of work and suffer from great stress,and it is easy to cause people’s sadness.At the same time,during the spring and the autumn period,the Yin Qi and Yang Qi are exchanging drastically.From the day of the vernal equinox,everything in the world was transformed from the Yin being the master to the Yang being the master,and the case is just the opposite on the day of the autumn equinox.Therefore,the spring and autumn equinox have the most significant effects on human body.The transformation of the body’s Qi,Blood as well as the Yin and Yang is likely to lead to the disorder,which would have serious impact on human’s physical and mental development,resulting in a higher incidence of mental illness than in other seasons.In the process of preventing and treating the diseases,in spring more attention should be paid to regulate emotions or the dose of drugs should be increased to activite Yang Qi,while nourishing Yin Qi should be focused in autumn and winter.