《黄帝内经》浅刺法探析

Analysis of the Shallow Needling Method in Huangdi Neijing

浅刺法作用于皮部,可激发循行于皮肤之中的卫气,运行气血,抵御外邪。根据《黄帝内经》关于九针、九刺、十二刺、五刺的描述,浅刺法可分为浅刺取气法和浅刺取血法两大类。镵针、毫针、毛刺、扬刺、直针刺、浮刺、半刺用于浅刺取气法,现今的皮肤针及皮内针属于此范畴,常用于皮肤性疾病、周围神经性疾病、心血管疾病;锋针、络刺、赞刺用于浅刺取血法,现今由锋针发展而来的三棱针多用于热性炎症性疾病、慢性疾病等。《黄帝内经》浅刺法因四时、胖瘦、少长、病位、病性等因素而有异,浅刺治则可总结为三因制宜,即因时制宜、因人制宜、因病制宜。

The shallow needling method acts on the skin,which can stimulate defensive qi,run qi and blood,and resist exogenous pathogens.According to the description of nine stitches,nine needles,twelve needles and five needles in Huangdi Neijing,shallow needling can be divided into two categories:shallow needling for qi method and shallow needling for blood method.Stirrup needles,filiform needles,burrs needles,lifting needles,straight needles,floating needles and semi-needles are used for shallow needling for qi method.Today’s skin and intradermal needles belong to this category and are often used in skin diseases,peripheral neurological diseases and cardiovascular diseases.Feng needles,collateral needles and zan needles are used for shallow needling for blood method.Nowadays,the triangular needle developed from the sharp needle is mostly used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and chronic diseases.The shallow needling method in Huangdi Neijing varies according to four seasons,fat and thin of patients,young and old of paitents,disease location and illness.The treatment of shallow needling can be summarized as treatment in accordance with three types of disease causes,namely,treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions,treatment in accordance with patient’s individuality,treatment in accordance with diseases.