《伤寒论》“本云”浅析

An Analysis of “The Original Statement” in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases

《伤寒论》"本云"可探究经方用量。麻黄桂枝各半汤中桂枝汤和麻黄汤的服用量约为各自原方的1/3;"分"是一种计量单位,把一两四等分,一份为一分;桂枝二越婢一汤各药用量较小,"不可发汗",为去实轻剂。《伤寒论》"本云"揭示仲景用药思旨,奔豚气从表里并治,灸患处阻隔外寒侵袭,桂枝加桂汤温助心肾,平冲降逆。《伤寒论》"本云"可明了经方组方思路。桂枝汤见于太阳篇、阳明篇、太阴篇、厥阴篇。太阳-太阴为开,阳明-厥阴为阖。桂枝汤可调治出入之机。小柴胡汤善行升降之气,全方以人参为中轴,佐以大枣、甘草,诸药配伍,调升降之气;生姜泻心汤的作用是扶脾土、弱肝用、泻其子,脾虚肝乘不能用泻实治法,所以仲景称为"并泻肝法"。《伤寒论》"本云"可探求古今用量服法。汉代的一升折今约200 mL。

'The original statement' in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases can explore the dosage of classical prescriptions.For example,the dosage of Cinnamon Twig Decoction and Ephedra Decoction Decoction in each half Ephedra Decoction and half Cinnamon Twig Decoction is about 1/3 of their original prescription.'Fen ' is a unit of measurement,which divides one liang into four parts and one part is one 'fen'.In double Cinnamon Twig Decoction and Maidservant From Yue Decoction,the dosage of each medicinal is relatively small,and it can not be used for sweating,but as a light prescription for removing excess.'The original statement' in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases can reveal Zhang Zhong-jing′s idea of medication.For example,for running-pig syndrome,exterior syndrome and interior syndrome should be treated together,and moxibustion should also be used to prevent the invasion of external cold.Cinnamon Twig Decoction with Extra Cinnamon can warm heart and kidney,lower reversing qi.'The original statement' in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases can clearly understand the way of organizing classical prescriptions.Cinnamon Twig Decoction appears in Chapter about Taiyang,Yangming,Taiyin and Jueyin.Taiyang and Taiyin are for opening,while Yangming and Jueyin for closing,so Cinnamon Twig Decoction can regulate access and exit qi activities.Minor Bupleurum Decoction is good at driving ascending and descending qi.The whole prescription centers on Renshen(Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng),combined with Dazao(Fructus Jujubae) and Gancao(Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae) for regulating ascending and descending qi.Fresh Ginger Heart-Draining Decoction is used for strengthening the spleen and weakening liver fire,purging excess.Spleen deficiency and up-flaming of liver fire can′t be treated by purging excess,so Zhang Zhong-jing adopted purging liver fire together.'The original statement' in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases can explore the ancient and modern dosage and usage.For example,one liter in the Han Dynasty is about 200 mL today.