跨国迁移对农村留守妇女婚姻家庭生活的影响——基于福建省明溪县H村的个案研究

Rural Left-behind Women under Transnational Migration——A Case Study of H Village in Fujian Province

论文基于质性研究方法,以人口国际迁移现象比较突出的明溪县H村为研究个案,从家庭收支特征、家庭地位、婚姻生活状态和社会支持网络等方面考察和分析了丈夫跨国迁移对农村留守妇女婚姻家庭生活的影响。研究结果显示,丈夫出国使家庭条件和物质生活得到改善,推动了农村妇女家庭地位的改善,电话联系弥补了夫妻空间分离造成的负面影响,但丈夫缺位使留守妇女承担了多重责任,婚姻品质和社会生活也因为丈夫出国而改变。与此同时,留守妇女的消费结构和消费观念并没有因为丈夫出国而发生明显的改变,社会生活支持网络并未弱化,仍是传统的亲属网络。

Based on in-depth interviews and participant observation,this paper takes H Village of Mingxi County in Fujian Province as a case study to analyze the impacts of international migration on rural left-behind women in terms of their family status,living conditions,consumption patterns and social support networks. The results show that there are both positive and negative impacts of international migration on rural left-behind women. On the positive side,the family condition of most rural leftbehind women has improved,and they play a more important role in their family's decision making and become more involved in social network. On the negative side, the absence of the husband and long-term separation loosen the family ties and increase the uncertainty of the marriage. Furthermore,international migration does not have much effect on their consumption patterns and traditional views,and traditional kinship network is still the main structure of rural left-behind women's social support network.