海外移民与宗教仪式回传——甲午年新加坡修德善堂养心社宋大峰祖师金像百年回銮

Overseas Chinese and Ritual Returning Patterns:Reports about the Returning of Song Da Feng by Seu Teck Sean Tong from Singapore, September 2014

论文以甲午年(2014年)闰九月新加坡修德善堂养心社宋大峰祖师金像百年回銮活动为例,分析了当代社会海外移民通过将源自中国的传统文化习俗回传而对中国乡村社会所产生的影响。从宗教层面看,祖师百年回銮实现了信仰体系的循环与完善,为中国传统文化的传播与改善注入了新元素。从移民历史来看,潮人移居海外,同时在海外将潮人信仰理念传播开来。中国实施改革开放后,与移民共同迁移的祖师信仰也可以实现"返乡"——仪式回传。祖师信仰及其仪式的回传,结合中国本土宗教文化的复苏,在一定程度上影响了原乡地方社会的信仰体系。从慈善事业角度看,善堂的慈善事业,救济贫苦,施医赠药,造福人类。在潮汕乡村,随着宗教信仰的苏醒,慈善事业也随之兴起,这对发展中国慈善事业有重要意义,同时慈善事业在中国乡村的发展,也影响了乡村的地方经济。

Focusing on Seu Tech Sean Tong's religious activity on Grand Master Song Da Feng in September 2014 as a case study,this article examines how traditional Chinese culture and religions are spread through overseas Chinese communities that were originally from Chaozhou and how their religious activities brought tradition back to their hometown in China. Through Shan Tang-a charitable institution, they promoted religious and charitable activities which strengthened the network of Chaozhou people. The double connection between deities and geographical origins stimulated the growth of Chaozhou Shantang in Southeast Asia,and increased the interaction of these immigrants with people in their hometowns in China. In return,the religious activities promote charitable activities in rural China and influence rural economy.