高效的团队是怎样炼成的?——对团队动态过程的探索

How Are Effective Teams Developed?——Examining the Dynamic Team Process

本文梳理了现有的有关团队过程的研究,并以此为基础考察了中国团队运行中自然浮现出来的团队互动过程及其对团队绩效的影响。我们安排102个团队参加了一个模拟团队练习,测量了这些团队的互动过程和客观绩效(即完成练习的时间)。分析结果表明,团队参与、任务分工和行动整合是三种不同的团队互动过程,它们对团队绩效都有较好的预测作用。此外,结果还表明,在团队运行的整个时间段内,三种互动过程的出现是有先后顺序的,团队参与和任务分工主要发生在团队运行初期,行动整合则发生在它们之后,而且行动整合对绩效的影响更直接。

After a thorough review of existing research on team processes,this study examined the emerged team interaction processes in self-managed teams and their influences on team performance in the Chinese context.102 teams participated in a simulated team exercise.We measured the team interaction processes and objective performance(i.e.,time used to complete the exercise).The results indicated that team participation,task division and concerted actions were three different categories of team processes,and all of them had significant effects on team performance.In addition,the results demonstrated that from the perspective of time,these three team processes emerged sequentially.Team participation and task division were salient in the early preparation phase,and conceited actions followed them.Conceited actions influenced team performance more direcdy than team preparation and task division.