中国語話者の母語の知識は日本語学習にどの程度役立つか―「的」を例に―

How far can Chinese-speaking learners reach relying upon their knowledge on their mother tongue?In case of “teki”

在考虑今后日语教育的发展前景时,有一点不容忽视,那就是如何把学习者的母语知识与日语的二语习得相结合来开展日语教育。本文就是从这一观点出发,以母语为汉语的日语学习者中常见的日语误用「的」为考察对象,使用语料库及问卷调查的结果计算出母语为汉语的日语学习者用母语知识来思考时「的」的一致率,进行了比较。得出的结果是,用汉语思考时,形容词(如「重要」)的一致率很高(84.7%),有形容词性的名词(如「科学」)就相对低了一些(76.2%)。但是,仅这两项加起来的平均一致率已达75%以上,通过这一事实,得出「的」的母语正迁移率高这一结论。最后,本文的另一着眼点,是为'以母语为背景来思考日语教育'这一视点提供一种方法论。

It is very important for the Japanese language teaching how to utilize learners’knowledge on their mother tongue in the acquisition of Japanese.This paper investigated the coverage rates of rules for the proper use of the suffix"teki"which is known as a difficult grammatical item for Chinese-speaking learners.These rules are examples of how far the learners can reach relying upon their knowledge on Chinese,their mother tongue.The rates were calculated as a result of corpus studies and questionnaires.The result showed that the rates were quite high when the Chinese counterparts of Japanese"teki"are adjectives but were a little lower when they are adjectival nouns.This investigation can give a methodology for the"Japanese language teaching considering learners’mother tongue"which should gain its importance in a near future.