ENSO——热带海洋和大气中和谐的海气相互作用现象

ENSO:The Harmonic Ocean-atmosphere Interaction in Tropics

简要评述了ENSO的发展过程。着重指出,厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜海温距平信号一般都在温跃层曲面传播和发展,海温距平信号在暖池次表层生成和发展后,沿赤道温跃层向东、向上传播,到赤道东太平洋后,信号一般向北传播,在10°N附近向西传播并南下到暖池的赤道纬度形成一个循环,这一循环的时间一般是3～4a。这些观测事实的揭示是对ENSO循环的新认识。

A brief description of ENSO cycle is given. It is emphasized that the water temperature anomaly emerges and propagates on the thermocline for both El Nio and La Nia cases. The temperature anomaly signal appears firstly in the subsurface layer of the western Pacific warm pool and then propagates eastward and upward along the equatorial thermocline. When reaching the eastern Pacific, the signal goes northward and turns westward at about 10°N until it reaches the west boundary. There the signal continues going southward and finally returning to its original location. Thus a closed circuit is formed. The time span for this cycle is approximately 3-4 years. These facts reveal the new aspects of the ENSO phenomenon and are open to further research.