硫化矿细菌浸出过程的电化学(Ⅰ)

ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF SULFIDE BIO-LEACHING(I)

系统阐述了硫化矿细菌浸出体系细菌生长及细菌存在时硫化矿氧化的电化学理论。文中分析了硫化矿浸矿主导菌种Thiobacillusferrooxidans氧化Fe2 +而代谢的电化学机理 ,给出了Fe2 +氧化响应Thiobacillusferrooxidans生长细胞外的电化学反应标度式 ,分析了细菌的存在对溶液电位的影响 ,给出了应用Fe2 +氧化速率标度的细菌生长速率方程。应用电化学基本原理分析了硫化矿浸出的反应特征 ,提出了只考虑细菌间接作用时硫化矿细菌浸出反应的混合电位模型。分析认为 ,细菌氧化Fe2 +至Fe3 +,使混合电位上升 ,这是细菌强化硫化矿浸出的重要因素之一。

In this paper,the electrochemical theory about the bacteria culture in sulfide bio-leaching system and, sulfide oxidation mechanism in the presence of bacteria were elucidated systematically.Electrochemistry mechanism of oxidating the ferrous by thiobacillus ferrooxidans,the most important bacteria in bio-leaching,was studied and the electrochemistry reaction equations about ferrous oxidation out of cell responding to growth of thiobacillus ferrooxidans were given.Using the fundamental theory of electrochemistry,the characteristics of sulfide leaching in the presence of bacteria were illustrated and, based on the analysis,a mixed potential model for the reaction of sulfide bio-leaching was proposed assuming that the indirect action of bacteria was considered only.It is considered that the raising of the mixed potential through the oxidation of ferrous to ferric by bacteria is one of the key roles to enhance the sulfide leaching.