早期乡土文学的另一种书写方式——张竞生“乡村建设”书写的文体特征论略

Another Way of Writing the Early Rural Literature——A Brief Discussion on the Stylistic Features of Zhang Jingsheng’s Writing on Rural Construction

张竞生是五四时期的思想家,其'乡村建设'系列文章,对乡村问题的揭示以及乡村生活状况的反映,不仅是多方位的,而且也是很细致的,尽管不具有特定的文学体式,没有那种刻意的小说结构或散文笔法,但照样具有生活画面以及人物形象的展示。虽然张竞生的乡村建设书写主要是针对乡村经济的未来规划问题,但给读者留下的'乡村'印象却依然是具体的、深刻的、令人难忘的。反映社会生活是为了能够认识社会生活,而认识社会生活则是为了能够更好、更全面地理解生活并感知生活中的意义。由于张竞生的乡村建设书写能够体现出这样的意义,所以,张竞生应当成为针对乡土文学的分析与研究中的一个重要组成部分。

As a thinker of the May Fourth period,Zhang Jingsheng’s series of articles on'rural construction'reveal rural problems and reflect rural living conditions in a multifaceted and meticulous manner.Despite the fact that there is neither particular literary style nor deliberate novel structure or prose style,these articles still offer a depiction of life and characters.Although Zhang’s writing on rural construction is mainly aimed at the future planning of rural economy,the impression left on readers is still specific,profound and unforgettable.The purpose of reflecting social life is to understand social life,while the purpose of understanding social life is to better and more comprehensively understand life and perceive the meaning of life.Since Zhang’s writing on rural construction can embody such significance,Zhang should become an important part of the analysis and research of rural literature.