自我建构与心理距离建构对大学生他人责任感的影响

The Influence of Self-construction and the Construction of Psychological Distance on College Students’ Sense of Responsibility for Others

他人责任感是个体为他人着想的底线或对他人责任与义务的感知,是个体成熟与社会化的重要表现。大学生的责任感状況更是会影响未来社会的主导价值取向,为更好地进行大学生责任感教育,需要找到基前置的影响因素以便进行更为科学的干预。研究表明,大学生个体取向自我建构因素中的竞争因子越高,则集体责任感越低;而社会取向自我建构中自我修为因子对他人责任感有正向的影响作用,社会敏感因子有负向影响作用;心理距离建构对所有责任感有正向影响作用,思维建构抽象程度越高责任感越强。因此在大学生责任教育中,应注意加强社会取向自我建构教育,强调他人的重要性,注重提高思维认知抽象水平,并结合实际案例和角色扮演等情境化设计提高责任教育的有效性。

The sense of responsibility for others is the bottom line of an individual’s consideration for others or this individual’s perception of responsibility and obligation for others.It is also an important manifestation of individual maturity and socialization.College students’sense of responsibility will affect the dominant value orientation of the future society.In order to better carry out the education of college students’sense of responsibility,it is necessary to find out the pre-influencing factors for more scientific intervention.The research shows that the higher the competitive factor in the individual-oriented self-construction factors,the lower the sense of collective responsibility.In the social-oriented self-construction,the self-cultivation factor exerts a positive influence on the sense of responsibility for others,while the social sensitivity factor poses a negative influence.The construction of psychological distance has a positive effect on all senses of responsibility,and the higher the abstract extent of thought construction,the stronger the sense of responsibility.Therefore,in the responsibility education of college students,attention should be paid to strengthening the education of social-oriented self-construction,emphasizing the importance of others,improving the abstract level of thinking and cognition,and combining practical cases with role playing and other situational designs to improve the effectiveness of responsibility education.