质量能力是影响企业创新关键性因素吗?——基于中国企业-劳动力匹配调查的实证分析

Is Quality Capability A Key Factor to Enterprise Innovation?——New findings based on China Employer-Employee Survey

技术创新是企业发展和经济增长最重要的源动力之一,已有研究基于外部制度环境和内部要素投入的分析,均未能全面解释部分企业研发创新效率不高的问题。基于上述研究现状,本文从企业质量能力的微观视角出发,运用最新一手企业调查数据,就质量能力对研发创新效率的影响效应及其渠道进行了全面的实证研究。研究发现:第一,作为研发创新的重要互补性能力,质量能力显著提升了企业研发创新效率,提高了企业以新产品销售和专利为代表的创新产出;第二,在质量能力中,质量需求满足能力对研发创新效率提升发挥最为重要的作用,质量能力主要通过引导企业将研发聚焦于客户需求满足,进而提高产出;第三,辅助回归结果表明,质量能力促进了企业家、管理层及非研发部门参与研发创新,促进了企业的外部研发合作,提高了企业决策中的数据使用,并提升了企业管理效率,上述效应是质量能力提升研发创新效率的潜在机制。据此,本文建议:政府应转变创新支持政策策略,在给予创新补贴等直接物质支持的同时,强调帮助企业提升配套质量能力;鼓励企业引进专业咨询服务,全面提升内生能力;引导企业树立市场化导向的创新观,将对顾客需求的满足作为研发创新的主要方向。

Technological innovation is one of the most important driving forces of enterprise development and economic growth.The existing research based on the analysis of external institutional environment and internal factor input has failed to explain the problem oflow efficiency of R&D innovation in some enterprises.Based on the research above,this paper conducts a comprehensive empirical study on the impact of quality capability on R&D innovation efficiency and its channels,using the latest first-hand enterprise survey data. The study found that: First,as an important complementarity of R&D innovation,quality capability significantly enhances the efficiency of R&D innovation,and enhances the innovation output represented such as new products sales and patents.Second,inside quality capability,quality Demand satisfactionplays the most important role in R&D efficiency improvement.That is,quality capability mainly improves theinnovation output by guiding enterprises to focus the R&Don meeting customer’s needs in the market.Third,the auxiliary regression results show that quality capability promotes the participation of entrepreneurs,managers and non-R&D workers in R&D innovation,promotes R&D cooperation between enterprises and external organizations,promotes data using in decision-making,and enhances management efficiency,the effectsabove are potential mechanisms for improving the efficiency of R&D innovation.Based on this,this paper suggests that the government should change the policy of innovation support policy to emphasize the help of enterprises to improve the quality of supporting facilities,and toencourage enterprises to introduce professional consulting services,comprehensively enhance the endogenous ability of enterprises.We should guide enterprises to establish a market-oriented view of innovation,making sure the main direction of R&D innovation will be tosatisfy customer needs.