弗莱克斯纳的现代大学观探析

On Flexner's "Idea of a Modern University

美国社会发展中出现的问题 ,尤其是教育中存在的弊端 ,是弗莱克斯纳的现代大学观产生的客观原因。弗莱克斯纳本人的经历是其现代大学观形成的直接根源。弗莱克斯纳认为 :大学应是具有“适应”和“落后”两重性的复杂有机体 ;大学的职能是发展科学和培养人才 ;大学的精神是学术自由 ;大学应是由文理研究生院和纯粹的专业学院组成的机构。弗莱克斯纳的现代大学观 ,对现时期我国大学的健康发展有重要的借鉴价值。

It is the problems, especially the educational shortcomings produced during the development of America that promoted the production of Flexner's 'Idea of a Modern University'objectively. Flexner's own experience is the original source of his 'Idea of a Modern University'. The main views of Flexner's 'Idea of a Modern University'are as follows: University should be a complex organism with features of 'Adjustment' and 'Social Lag'; The functions of university are advancing science and cultivating brains; The spirit of university is academic freedom; University should be composed of graduate school of arts and sciences and solidly professional schools. Flexner's 'Idea of a Modern University' is very precious to the healthy development of our universities today.