试论清末绥远地区的蒙垦

On the Exploit of the Uncultivated Land in Suiyuan in the Late Qing Dynasty

《辛丑条约》签订后,清政府为了支付巨额战争赔款,缓解财政危机,决定在全国广开财源,增加财政收入,绥远地区的官放蒙地、解除蒙地禁垦即是其主要措施之一,其主要恶果是大量优良牧场被开垦,草场沙化,生态坏境遭到严重破坏.

After the signing of'Boxer Protocol',the Qing government decided to open up financial resources in the country,and increase revenue in order to pay huge war reparations and relieve the financial crisis.One of measures it took was to lift the ban on exploit the uncultivated land in Mongolia. Unfortunately,its main consequences were reclamation of a lot of good pasture land,grassland desertification and severe damage of ecological environment.