天基海洋监视系统的技术分析与发展研究

Technical analysis and development of space-based ocean surveillance system

天基海洋监视系统能够对海洋中的舰艇、潜艇以及航母编队等移动目标进行有效的侦察和监视,具有极高的军事应用价值,已成为各军事大国研究的热点。首先从海洋移动目标特征和海洋环境特点出发,对海洋移动目标的可探测性进行了分析,然后从卫星组网、卫星运控以及信息处理方面对实现海洋监视能力的关键技术进行了研究,最后对国外天基海洋监视系统的发展现状进行了综述,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。

The space-based ocean surveillance system can effectively detect and monitor moving targets in the ocean, such as ships, submarines and aircraft carrier formations, which is of high military application value and has become a hot spot of research for military powers. Firstly, based on the characteristics of ocean moving target and ocean environment, the detectability of ocean moving target is analyzed. And then the key technologies for realizing ocean surveillance capability are studied from the aspects of satellite networking, satellite operation and control, and information processing. Finally, the development status of foreign space-based ocean surveillance systems are summarized, and the future development trend is prospected.