英语语境中的“请求”言语行为与礼貌策略

“Requests” and Politeness Strategies in English Contexts

礼貌是文化和语言中的一种普遍现象,它是有级别的。“请求”是一种具体的言外行为,在实施“请求”指令的过程中往往需要选用比较礼貌的方式。选择合适的礼貌策略,才能既满足说话者的请求愿望,又维护说话者和听话者之间的良好关系,避免出现语用失误,从而达到完满的交际效果。

As a common phenomenon,politeness falls into different gradations.For obvious social reasons,“requests”are the kind of illocutionary speech act which are more likely to be performed in a polite manner.Speakers' choice of politeness is decided by various factors.Successful communication depends in some respect upon speakers' appropriate employment of politeness strategies when speakers make their requests.