具有最大正负偏差体系相图的热力学分析

Analysis of Thermodynamics of Phase Diagrams with Max-right Deviation or Max-left Deviation System

应用热力学基本关系式、Gibbs Duhem方程和相图基本原理 ,对具有最大正偏差、最大负偏差体系相图详尽地进行了热力学分析与推导 ,得出了此类相图中两条两相平衡线在最高和最低点处应当相切而不是相交的结论 ,明确指出了目前一些专著和高等学校教科书中所出现的错误 ;并且提出了“附加限制条件数”概念 ,得到了相平衡体系在广泛条件下计算自由度数的相律 ,对如何准确计算此类相图上最高点和最低点处的自由度数做了全面的热力学分析 。

This paper analyses and derives the thermodynomics of phase diagrams with max right deviation or Max left deviation system by using the Gibbs Duhem equation, and draws a conclusion that two of two phase times should be intersected at the Max high point or Max low point but should be tangent in this kind of phase picture system. It also points out that there are some errors in some monographase and text books for higher education at present.At the same time, this paper thoroughly analyses why the freedom is zero after the quotation of the concept attached to limited condition, and fills up the inadequates in physical chemistry text books for higher education.