沙漠化过程中植物的变化和适应机理研究概述

Research Summarizing of Plant′s Change and Adapation in Sandy Desertification Process

沙漠化过程就是人为活动破坏生态系统平衡,导致地表植被衰退或消失之后,风作用于地表而产生的风蚀、搬运、堆积的风沙运动过程.本文就其植物的抗旱性、抗风沙性,在形态结构和生理功能两方面结合沙漠化过程做了概述,其中形态结构方面主要体现在植物的根、茎、叶和生物量方面的变化和适应性,生理功能方面集中体现水分生理、光合特性、渗透调节、激素作用、膜系统保护酶以及物质代谢、膜脂组分等相关细胞层次的适应与变化特征.

Sandy desertification process is a kind of windsand locomotion process.When human′s activity breaks ecosystem balance and brings about vegetational degradation,the wind acts on the earth′s surface and causes eroding,carrying and accumulating of windsand.Plant responds to sandy desertification.This paper presents two respects.One is the adapation of the structure,including the change of plant leaves,stems,roots and biomass.Another is the adapation of plant physiology,including the plant change of cellular level,such as water physiology, photosynthetic character,osmotic adjustment,hormone,protective enzye of membrane system and material metabalism, membrane lipid component.