挑战与应战——对埃及早期现代化探索的思考

On the Probe of the Early Egyptian Modernization

面对西方国家的侵略及伴随而至的异质文明的挑战,穆罕默德·阿里试图通过对埃及文化、政治和经济领域的改革以使埃及跨入现代化国家的行列。但是其改革的不彻底又导致埃及传统结构的留存,使之无法进行成功的社会动员,这又成为埃及早期现代化受挫的主要原因。同时,阿里一而再地卷入战争和外国势力的干预也对其现代化改革产生了巨大的消极影响。

Confronting western countries'aggression and the challenge of their different cultures,Mahammad Ali attempted to bring Egypt into the rank of modernized countries by reforming Egyptian culture,politics and economics.However,the reform was not thorough, so the Egyptian traditional structure still remained and the whole society was not mobilized.This was the main reason of the failure of the early Egyptian modernization.On the other hand,the wars that Ali was invollved again and again and the external interference negatively effected the modernization.