浅谈类比法

A brief study on the method of analogy

首先给出了类比的定义 ,就是根据两个对象之间在某些方面的相似或相同而推出它们在其他方面也可能相似或相同的一种逻辑方法 ,并介绍了它的二个主要特点 ,即跳跃性和可靠程度低。然后结合一些成功的类比案例 ,对它的具体应用方式进行了探讨。最后给出了提高类比法使用可靠性的三个原则 ,一是所根据的相似属性要尽可能多 ;二是所根据的相似属性之间的联系要尽可能紧密 ;

The definition of analogy is given at first.It is a process of reasoning between parallel cases. And the two main characteristics of analogy are also introduced. One is that there is a sudden jump during the process of thought, and the other is that the reliability of conclusion is not high. Then,the concrete usage methods of analogy are studied by combining some successful cases. The three principles on how to improve the reliability of the conclusion of analogy are given at last.They are, firstly try to find much more analogous attributes between two different matters,secondly try to find much more tight relation between the above mentioned attributes,and thirdly try to make the analogous mathematical model much more precise.