浅析《哈姆雷特》中的会话含义(英文)

A Conversational Implicature Approach to Hamlet

格赖斯认为,对话是指在一定条件下,只有人们严格遵守合作原则,才可以有效和完成的合理的沟通。在实际使用语言中,人们明知而故意违反合作原则,以实现表达真正意图的目的。在许多文学艺术作品中的使用会话含义并不少见,人物不断利用"会话含义"来完成对话和沟通的目标。该文以《哈姆雷特》为例,探讨会话含义在文学作品中的作用,和怎样使人物和情节生动有趣的。

H.P. Grice thinks that conversation is defined by certain conditions. People can complete reasonable and efficient communication only when they strictly obey the principles of cooperation. But in practical language use, people often knowingly and deliberately violate the theory of cooperative principle and four maxims of conversation, through the context and cultural background, so as to achieve the purpose of expression of the true intentions. This paper, by analyzing conversations made by characters in Hamlet, is to explore how conversational implicatures make characters and a story attractive, producing some literary effect in literary works.