浅析英语公共演讲的文体特征

The Stylistic Characteristics of English Public Speaking

该文通过选取两篇演讲范文进行文体比较,一篇是美国著名民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金在1963年8月28日的著名演讲"I have a dream",另一篇是2005年4月19日美国总统布什来中国在清华大学的演讲。这两篇演讲有很多共同点,如:演讲者都是美国人,都处于领袖的地位,都是受过良好教育的人;同时也有很多不同点,如:两篇演讲的时代不同、针对的听众的国籍不同、演讲的内容、目的、作用也不同。该文旨在从语音、代词、修辞手段、时态、句子类型等五个方面对这两篇演讲的文体特点进行分析和比较,进而探析公共演讲的文体特征。

public speaking is a kind of literature stylistic, which includes plenty of specific categories, such as the public speech, preachment of the religion and the public lecture given by the university teachers, all those are belong to the stylistic of public speaking. Though various speeches are different from each other, there are still a lot of common points between them; such as they are exoteric oral and instantaneous. According to the above introductions about the characteristics of public speaking, this pa-per mainly selects two speech drafts so as to analyzing the characteristics of public speaking, one is“I Have A Dream”by Martin Luther King, Jr, in 1963; the other is President Bush Speaks at Tsinghua University in 2005. There are a lot of common points between these two speeches, for both of the two speakers are American, they are all the top leaders and well educated. However, there are also many differences between the two speeches, they are in the different ages, and to the different audiences of national-ity and the speech contents, function, motivation are also different. This article aims to explore the stylistic characteristics of public speaking on five aspects;they are sound, pronoun, rhetoric, tense and sentence style. For the length is limited, and this paper will just analyze the main parts of the two speeches, other parts will be mentioned briefly.