浅析英汉被动形式差异及英语被动句的汉译

A Simple Analysis of Differences of Passive Forms and E-C Translation of Passive Sentences

语态指的是主语和谓语动词之间的关系。不管在英语中还是在汉语中,语态主要分为两种:主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者时为主动语态;主语是动作的承受者时则为被动语态。相对而言,被动语态在英语中的使用范围和频率大大高于在汉语中的使用。Quirk(1973)、连淑能(1993)等人曾指出,像科技、商务、工业、法律、经济、新闻等信息型文本中,被动语态的使用情况更为常见。被动语态在英、汉语中的使用差异是英汉差异对比分析的一个重要方面。因此,作为一个英语学习者,了解和掌握英语被动句的汉译方法和技巧非常重要。文章分析比较了英汉被动形式的差异特点,对英语被动句的翻译方法做了初步的探讨。

Voice refers to the relation between subjects and predicate verbs. In both English and Chinese, voice can be divided in-to two kinds: one is active voice, the other is passive voice. The active voice indicates the subject is the actor in a sentence. Andthe passive voice means that the subject is the agent of the action. Relatively speaking, passive voice is more frequently used inEnglish than in Chinese. Just as Quirk(1973) and Mr Lian Shuneng(1993) said that, it is more common to use passive voice in in-formation texts such as science,business,industry,law、economy,news etc. The passive voice is an important part in the compara-tive study of English and Chinese. So as an English learner, it's quiete important to know and master the methods of passive voicetranslation from English to Chinese in terms of passive voice. The article analyses the differences between English and Chinese,and discusses the methods of the translation of the English passive voice.