谈语篇翻译中主位结构的形式对等与功能对等——葛底斯堡演说三篇译文比较为例

Formal Equivalence and Functional Equivalence of Thematic Structure in Translation —A Comparison of Three Translated Versions of Gettysburg Address

翻译中存在形式对等与功能对等两个方面。主位结构反映的是语篇的信息结构,原文与译文的主位系统存在着形式对等与功能对等两个方面。通过葛底斯堡演说三篇译文的主位结构分析比较,认为由于英汉语的差异,有的译文与原文的主位结构在形式上不对等,但是功能上是对等的。译文主位结构的选择需要考虑到原语篇的概念意义与人际意义。如果原文是口语语篇,则还应考虑原语篇在音系层的体现。以主位结构的角度来评析翻译作品是可行的。

Thematic structure is a system in textual metafunction. In discourse translation, there are formal equivalence and func?tional equivalence between the source text and target text. Through a comparison among the three target texts of Gettysburg Ad?dress, it is regarded that a good translation work should make both formal equivalence and functional equivalence. A choice of the?matic structure should be related with the ideational metafunction and interpersonal metafunction. If the source text is oral, a real?ization of phoneme structure should be taken into consideration. It is feasible to comment on translation through thematic structure.