译作源于原作,高于原作——从模仿说的观点探讨译作对原作的突破

Target Text Comes from Original Text, above Original Text——Analyzing the Breakthrough of Translation from the Perspective of Imitation

模仿说作为最古老的艺术学说,认为艺术的本质在于模仿或者展现现实世界的事物,自亚里士多德开始成为美学和文学理论的核心用语。亚里士多德关于"模仿"的定义融合了两重含义:其一,文学作品是现存现实的呈现;其二,作品本身就是一实体,并非仅仅是对事物的反应。翻译作为一种模仿行为,也应该包含两重含义:其一,译作是原作的现实呈现;其二,译作本身是一种实体,并非仅仅是对译作的反应。亚里士多德说:"艺术来源于生活,高于生活。"相应的译作应来源于原作,也应高于原作。该文对莫言所获诺贝尔文学奖作品《丰乳肥臀》的原文与译文进行对比分析,探讨了其译作不仅仅是对原作的现实呈现,而是对原作的一个突破。

As the most ancient art theory, imitation suggests that the essence of art is to imitate or present the things in the real world. Since the period of Aristotle, it has become the core terminology of aesthetics and literature. There are two layers of meaning in Aristotle's imitation theory: firstly, literature work is the presentation of reality; secondly, the work itself is the reality, not just the reflection of the reality. As a kind of imitation, translation also has two layers of meaning: firstly, the target text is the presentation of the original text; secondly, the target text itself is the existed reality, not just the reflection of the original work. Aristotle once said that art comes from life, above life. Therefore, the target text also comes from the original text, above the original life. This thesis has analyzed the target text and the original text of Mo Yan's Big Breasts and Wide Hips, and has discussed that the target text is a breakthrough in the original text, not just the presentation of it.