任意曲面叶轮五坐标数控加工刀具轨迹生成

Tool-Path Planning for 5-Axis Numerical Control Machining of Arbitrary Surface Impeller

以任意曲面叶轮五坐标数控加工为背景,根据叶轮的几何形状,提出了一种高效的侧铣加工刀具———鼓锥形刀.基于鼓锥形刀的等残留高度刀具轨迹计算方法,使刀具按相邻轨迹加工所形成的残留高度相等,加工效率提高.解决了等残留高度法生成刀具轨迹中的核心问题,并对刀具轨迹间距的计算提出了改进算法,计算精度提高.对任意曲面叶轮叶片五坐标数控加工刀具轨迹进行了计算,并与球形刀等参数线法作了比较.结果证明,采用鼓锥形刀等残留高度法,所生成的刀具轨迹长度是球形刀等参数线法刀具轨迹长度的1/3,加工效率是采用球形刀等参数线法的3倍.

Referring to the 5-axis numerical control (NC) machining of arbitrary surface impeller, an efficient cutter-drum-taper cutter is presented. A generation algorithm of iso-scallops tool-path is also proposed based on the drum-taper cutter, and the scallops generated between adjacent tool-paths in machining are kept constant. The key problems in path generation are solved, and an improved algorithm with a higher accuracy for calculating interval between tool-paths is presented. An example of tool-path generation for an arbitrary surface impeller is evaluated, and the results show that the total tool-path length generated by the newly introduced method is only one third of that generated by the iso-parametric tool-path planning method using ballmill. Compared with the latter, the efficiency is increased by three times.