上海汽车制造业涂装废气中挥发性有机污染物排放特征与控制标准研究

Study on Volatile Organic Compounds Characteristics and Emission Standards of the Air Pollutants for Automobile Manufacturing in Shanghai

采用气袋采样-气相色谱/质谱法,采集并分析了上海典型汽车制造企业涂装废气中挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)的种类和含量。共检测出27种VOCs化合物,以芳香烃、卤代烃、羟基类为主,其中12种化合物属于美国环保局(USEPA)重点控制的空气中有害污染物,12种化合物中,乙苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、丙酮对VOCs贡献超过50%。初步推断苯系物为汽车制造企业涂装废气VOCs中主要污染物,应作为优先污染物进行控制。建议进一步研究欧美、日本等国家用总有机碳表征涂装废气中VOCs总量的科学性和实用性。

By using the air pocket sampling-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method,the kinds and contents of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)from the typical automobile manufacturing enterprise of Shanghai were analyzed.The results showed that there were 27 VOCs compounds in total.Most of them were aromatics,halogenated hydrocarbons,and hydroxyl compounds,including 12 compounds belonged to the USEPA priority control harmful pollutants in the air.The amount of toluene,ethyl benzene and xylene and acetone contributed more than 50%to the VOCs concentration.The benzene series compounds are the main pollatants in the painting waste gas VOCs for automobile manufacturing enterprises.It is suggested that a further research should be made on characterizing the total organic carbons in VOCs scientifically and practically as in Europe,United States,Japan and other countries.