超级电容电池

Supercapacitive Cell

本文比较了超级电容器、锂离子电池和超级电容电池的结构、原理、研究现状和发展前景。超级电容电池的正极具有超级电容器电极的结构和双电层储能机制,负极具有类似锂离子电池负极的结构和快速电化学储能机制。超级电容器和锂离子电池的发展空间都很有限,而作为两者结合的产物的超级电容电池可兼具高比功率、高比能量、高放电电压和长循环寿命的优点,是未来储能电池的发展方向之一,但还面临缺乏具有高分解电压的电解液和高充电电压下电解液中离子枯竭的问题。

Comparison is presented among supercapacitor,lithium-ion battery and supercapacitive cell in structure,principle and development. In structure,the cathode of supercapacitive cell is similar to that of super capacitor,while its anode is similar to that of lithium-ion battery. Therefore,its cathode can reserve energy in capacitive mechanism and its anode in fast electrochemical mechanism. Although the developments of supercapacitor and lithium-ion battery are both limited by their principle,in the future as their hybrid,supercapacitive cell would be a novel energy storage device concurrently with high power density,high energy density,high discharge voltage and long lifetime. However,before its development two problems,that are the lack of electrolyte with high decomposing voltage and the exhaustion of ions in the electrolyte at high charging voltage should be solved.