光电多孔共价有机材料的研究进展

Photoelectronic Porous Covalent Organic Materials: Research Progress and Perspective

多孔共价有机材料(Covalent Organic Materials:COMs)是一类通过共价键将不同几何构型和长度的有机配体组装成多维度多功能的多孔材料.在COM材料体系中,共轭结构赋予它优异的光电性质,高的比表面积为静电电荷的分离提供了充裕的界面,固有的可裁剪孔结构允许离子的传输,加上高度有序的结构,为载流子迁移提供了通道,已经在半导体和能源转化与存储领域展示出诱人的潜力.本综述围绕着COM材料,总结其在半导体、能源转化(光解水、太阳能电池、燃料电池中的阴极氧化还原反应)、能源存储(锂电、锂硫、超级电容器)中的应用,并根据当前研究现状,提出了设计光电COM材料原理.尽管光电COM材料的发展还处于萌芽期,但它已经展示出不可低估的影响,在半导体和新能源领域扮演着越来越重要的作用,同时也给光电领域带来了新的机遇.

Porous covalent organic materials(COM) are a class of multi-dimensional and multi-functional porous materials, which are built via covalent bond of colorful organic building blocks. COM materials possess inherent optimized pore size allowing ion migration, and high specific surface area, providing the possibility of formation of an electrostatic charge-separation layer, a conjugated system resulting in light-harvesting properties and a highly ordered structure, enabling the formation of conductive paths. In this review, we summary the applications on semiconductor, photolysis of water, solar cell, oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cell, lithium-ion/sulfur battery basing on COM materials. Meanwhile, we also propose the design strategy for photoelectronic materials. Although the development of COMs as photoelectronic materials is still in its infancy, COM materials has being attracting ever-increasing attention and open a new window in this field.