基于膳食平衡指数的中山市成年居民膳食质量研究

Study on dietary quality of residents in Zhongshan City based on dietary balance index

目的用修订的膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)评价中山市成年居民膳食质量,为其营养指导提供依据。方法用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,2015年对984名18~65岁居民进行食物频率问卷调查,计算食物的人均每日摄入量,用DBI-07评分法和A、B、D、E模式评价居民膳食质量。结果居民膳食质量整体处于低度失衡状态(DQD=20.5±6.4),主要问题是低度摄入不足(LBS=16.4±7.3);膳食质量男性、≥硕士学历、月收入≥6 000元者较好,≥50岁组膳食质量较差。在A、B、D、E 4种膳食模式中,以较优模式A(64.7%)为主,B模式(31.2%)次之。结论中山市成年居民膳食低度失衡。总体上蔬菜、水果和奶类摄入不足,畜禽肉类摄入过量。应加强宣传中国居民膳食指南和膳食宝塔,针对性地开展营养干预。

objective To evaluate the dietary quality of adult residents in Zhongshan City by using dietary balance index(DBI-07)for guiding the nutrition intervention.Methods By using stratified cluster random sampling method,totally 984residents(aged 18~65)were investigated with food frequency questionnaire in 2015.Mean daily food intake was calculated.Dietary quality was evaluated by DBI-07 method and A,B,D and E pattern.Results Dietary quality of adult residents in Zhongshan City were in overall low imbalance(DQD=20.5±6.4)and the main problem was insufficient of dietary intake(LBS=16.4±7.3).Dietary quality in male,≥master education level and income≥6000yuan per month was better than the others,and≥50years old was worse.In four kinds of dietary patterns,the main patterns were A(64.7%)and B(31.2%).Conclusion Dietary quality of adult residents in Zhongshan City was in low imbalance status.The main problem was inadequate vegetables,fruit and milk intake,and excessive meat intake.The education on Chinese dietary guideline and food guide pyramid should be promoted for the nutritional intervention.