福建省2015—2016年围产儿出生缺陷分析

Analysis on perinatal birth defects in Fujian (2015-2016)

目的了解福建省出生缺陷发生情况,探讨有关影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法收集2015年—2016年福建省103所监测医院的出生缺陷资料统计分析。结果全省2015—2016年监测围产儿669 099例,其中出生缺陷11 775例,出生缺陷发生率175.98/万,城镇(214.13/万)高于乡村(156.85/万,RR=1.37);男性(202.83/万)高于女性(143.89/万,RR=1.41);多胎(331.04/万)高于单胎(172.05/万,RR=1.92);高龄孕母(204.91/万)高于非高龄(172.01/万,RR=1.25)。出生缺陷顺位前5位:先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、外耳其他畸形、马蹄内翻足和总唇裂。结论福建省2015—2016年围产儿出生缺陷发生率略高于全国水平。城乡、性别、胎数和孕母年龄间比较,出生缺陷发生率存在差异。应加强低龄和高龄孕妇管理,以降低出生缺陷发生率。

Objective To study the status of birth defects(BD)in Fujian and explore the influencing factors for formulating BD intervention measures.Methods The BD surveillance data from 103 registered hospitals in Fujian were collected and analyzed from 2015 to 2016.Results Totally 669 099 perinatal infants were surveillanced,in which 11775 cases were born with BD,the prevalence rate was 175.98/104 from 2015 to 2016.The prevalence rate in urban(214.13/104)was higher than that of rural area(156.85/104,RR=1.37),male(202.83/104)was higher than that of female(143.89/104,RR=1.41),polycyesis(331.04/104)was higher than that of monocyesis(172.05/104,RR=1.92),and the mothers aged≥35(204.91/104)is higher than that of mothers aged<35(172.01//104,RR=1.25).The top five types of BD were congenital heart defects,polydactyly,other malformation of external ear,congenital talipes equinovarus,cleft lip.Conclusion The prevalence rate of BD in Fujian was slightly higher than that of the national mean level from 2015 to 2016.There existed differences statistically between urban and rural areas,male and female,polycyesis and monocyesis and different maternal age groups.The management for pregnancy woman,especially for the aged ≥35 and <20,should be strengthen for decreasing the BD prevalence rate.