青海省海北藏族自治州蚤类分布与鼠疫带菌研究

Study on flea distribution and plague carrier state in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai,China

目的收集分析海北藏族自治州(海北州)及各县蚤类标本,为鼠疫疫源地调查与监测提供基础资料。方法对海北州及各县的蚤类标本归类整理,用Excel软件统计分析。结果海北州蚤类共记述75种(亚种),隶属于6科30属,几乎占青海蚤种总数的1/2;从蚤类检出鼠疫杆菌共29株,占青海省染疫昆虫检菌总数的15.1%(29/192);确定染疫蚤类有二齿新蚤、腹窦纤蚤深广亚种、谢氏山蚤、斧形盖蚤4种。结论海北州蚤种类丰富,有传播鼠疫的潜在危险。

Objective To collect and analyze the flea specimen of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,and provide basic data for the investigation and surveillance of plague natural epidemic foci.Methods Specimens of flea were classified and analyzed by Excel software.Results Totally 75 species(subspcies),belonging to 6 families and 30 genera were recorded in the Prefecture,accounting for almost 1/2 in Qinghai.Totally 29 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from the Prefecture,which covered 15.1%(29/192)of all the strains of quarantinable insects in Qinghai.There were four species of fleas infected with Yersinia pestis,including Neopsylla bidentatiformis,Rhadinopsylla li ventricasa,Oropsylla silantiewi,Callopsylla dolabris.Conclusion The species of fleas are plentiful in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and there are potential risks of plague transmission.