影响福建省居民期望寿命的主要疾病研究

Study on the influence of main diseases on life expectancy of residents in Fujian

目的研究影响福建省居民期望寿命的主要疾病。方法用ICD-10进行根本死因编码和死因分类,采用蒋庆琅的简略寿命表法计算期望寿命和去死因期望寿命。结果福建省2017年居民的期望寿命为78.12岁;<5岁儿童造成0.48岁的寿命损失,其中婴儿死亡损失0.19岁,幼儿(1～4岁)损失0.29岁;恶性肿瘤造成3.98岁的寿命损失,其余依次为脑血管病(1.87岁)、心脏病(1.69岁)、损伤和中毒(1.27岁)、呼吸系统疾病(0.96岁),这5种主要死因共造成9.77岁的寿命损失;2017年造成居民寿命损失的主要恶性肿瘤,其中肺癌(0.86岁)、肝癌(0.62岁)、胃癌(0.53岁)、食道癌(0.36岁)和结直肠癌(0.28岁),共导致2.65岁的寿命损失。结论福建省应进一步加强恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和损伤中毒的防控,以提高居民的期望寿命。

Objective To study on the influence of main diseases on life expectancy of residents in Fujian.Methods The underlying causes of death were coded and classified according to the International Classification of Diseases 10(ICD-10).The life expectancy and the cause-deleted life expectancy were calculated with abridged life table by Prof.JIANG Qinglang’Method.Results The life expectancy of Fujian residents was 78.12 years in 2017.The loss of life expectancy of<5 years old children was 0.48 years,in which 0.19 years for infant(under one year old)and 0.29 years for children(1-4 years old).Malignant tumors caused the loss of 3.98 years,followed by cerebrovascular diseases(1.87 years),heart disease(1.69 years),injury and poisoning(1.27 years)and respiratory diseases(0.96 years),these five kinds of main diseases caused the loss of life of 9.77 years.The main malignant tumors caused the loss of life in 2017,they were lung cancer(0.86 years),liver cancer(0.62 years),stomach cancer(0.53 years),esophageal cancer(0.36 years)and colorectal cancer(0.28 years),respectively,the total loss of life were 2.65 years.Conclusion The control and prevention for malignant tumors,cerebrovascular diseases,heart diseases,respiratory diseases,injury and poisoning should be strengthened to improve the life expectancy of Fujian residents.