丙烯酸盐阻燃竹纤维织物的制备与性能研究

Study on the Preparation and Properties of Flame Retardant Bamboo Fiber Fabric Grafted with Acrylate

为了探索竹纤维织物无卤无甲醛阻燃新方法,采用化学接枝法制备阻燃竹纤维织物并对其性能进行测试。先将竹纤维用丙酮处理后烘干,在铈离子存在的酸性条件下与丙烯酸发生接枝共聚反应,再经碱化,离子交换后得到丙烯酸盐阻燃竹纤维织物。利用FTIR、SEM对产物进行性能表征,通过LOI、TG和微量热技术等手段对阻燃织物的燃烧性能进行测试。结果表明:竹纤维织物经接枝、碱化、盐化后,竹纤维织物具有了阻燃性能,阻燃竹纤维织物的极限氧指数和残炭率明显升高,极限氧指数可达30%。

In order to explore a new halogen-free and formaldehyde-free flame retardant method for bamboo fabric,a kind of flame retardant bamboo fabric is prepared by chemical grafting and its properties are tested.The bamboo fiber is firstly treated with acetone and then dried.Then the acetone-treated bamboo fabric is graft copolymerized with acrylic acid in the presence of cerium ion under acidic conditions,and after that it is alka-lified,at last the flame retardant bamboo fabric with acrylate is obtained by ion exchange.The Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)are applied to characterize the products,the combustion behavior of samples is characterized by limited oxygen index(LOI),thermogravimetry(TG)and micro calorimetric technique(MCT).The results show that the bamboo fabric is given the flame retardance by grafting,alkalization and salinization,the oxygen index and residual carbon rate of the flame retardant bamboo fabric increases obviously,and its limiting oxy-gen index reaches 30%.