葡萄牙特洛亚半岛海滩养护及疏浚沙养滩的意义

BEACH MAINTENANCE AND NOURISHMENT WITH DREDGED SANDS ON TRóIA PENINSULA,PORTUGAL

葡萄牙特洛亚半岛海滩近十余年受到强烈侵蚀,海浪冲刷到数千万年稳定的古罗马遗址,在2006—2007年,当局将28.6万m3港口航道疏浚沙抛填至海滩上,进行养滩修复,效果较好,扩宽了干滩,稳定了古罗马遗址,发展了旅游业。这不仅是一个完美高效的养滩工程,而且还是一个极其节约的工程,使用疏浚沙不仅降低了运输费,还为港口节约了购买抛沙海域的费用。我国港口航道甚多,每年至少约有8亿m3疏浚沙,很少用于养滩工程,反而购置河道沙和邻近河口沙。若改用疏浚沙养滩,可极大地降低养护成本,既可节约购沙经费,还可为港口部门节约抛沙海域的购置费用,而且也能为抛沙取沙海域维持正常的航运环境。

The beaches on PortugueseTróia Peninsula have been intensively eroded for more than ten years.Waves have gradually washed away some of the ancient Roman constructions which have stand there for tens of thousands years.From 2006 to 2007,the Portuguese authorities carried out a large project.286,000 m3 of sand were dredged from the port waterway and nourished onto the beach and a beach rehabilitation project was then initiated.As the results,dry beach is widened,the ancient Roman ruins restablized and tourism developed.This is not only aperfect and efficient beach maintenance project,but also a conservation project.The use of dredged sand not only reduced transportation costs,but also saved the budget for purchase water areas for sand throwing.There are a lot of port and waterway in China.At least 800 million m3 of sand are dredged every year.However,they are seldom used for beach maintenance.On the contrary,land sand and adjacent estuary sand are purchased for beach management.If the beach is maintained with dredging sand,the maintenance cost can be greatly reduced.We may save funds not only for purchasing sand,but also for purchasing the water areas to be managed.On the other hand,the normal shipping environment will not be effected.