不同干藻工艺对铜藻岩藻黄素含量的影响

Effects of Different Drying Methods on Fucoxanthin Content of Sargassum horneri

为了分析比较干燥工艺对铜藻岩藻黄素含量的影响,采用自然状态、冷冻状态(-28℃)、真空干燥、冷冻干燥及热风干燥(40℃、60℃、80℃和120℃)这5种不同状态下的藻体为原料,利用比色法,测定并比较其对铜藻中岩藻黄素含量影响。样品干燥后的状态由优到劣排序为:冷冻干燥>真空干燥=热风干燥40℃>热风干燥60℃>热风干燥80℃>热风干燥120℃。干燥时间由短至长为:热风干燥>真空干燥>冷冻干燥。铜藻中岩藻黄素含量排序为:自然状态>冷冻状态>冷冻干燥>真空干燥>热风干燥,自然状态下的岩藻黄素含量最高,为1.957mg/g;120℃热风干燥条件下,岩藻黄素含量最低,为0.367mg/g;热风干燥中岩藻黄素含量排序为40℃>60℃>80℃>120℃,P<0.05,差异显著;冷冻干燥、真空干燥和40℃热风干燥之间P>0.05,差异不显著。从干燥时间,干燥后铜藻状态和岩藻黄素含量三方面综合来看,40℃热风干燥下铜藻的岩藻黄素含量较高,且方法成本低、操作简易,为最优的干燥方式,值得推广。

To compare and analyze the effect of drying method on the content of fucoxanthin in Sargassum horneri, five different states of algae including the natural, the frozen(-28℃), vacuum dried, freeze dried and hot air dried(40, 60, 80 and 120℃) were used to determine and compare the effect of drying method on the content of fucoxanthin by colorimetry. The results showed that the drying state was good in an order from freeze drying to vacuum drying and hot air drying at 40℃, hot air drying at 60℃, hot air drying at 80℃ and hot air drying at 120℃. The drying time from short to long was ranged from hot air drying to vacuum drying and to freeze drying. The fucoxanthin content changed from the highest to the lowest in an order from natural state to frozen condition to hot air drying to freeze drying to vacuum drying, the highest under the natural state(1.957 mg/g) while the lowest content of fucoxanthin was 0.367 mg/g at 120℃ hot air drying condition. Under different hot air drying temperatures, the fucoxanthin content was in an order from 40℃ to 60℃ to 80℃ and to 120℃(P<0.05, significantly different). There was no significant difference between freeze drying, vacuum drying and hot air drying 40℃ with P>0.05. Based on the above findings, it was concluded that hot air drying under 40℃ was an effective drying method for extracting fucoxanthinin from S. horneri, which was low-cost easy-operational. The fucoxanthin content was maintained at a higher level so it is worthy of popularizing.