规则波作用下二维水平板冲击压力概率分析

Probability analysis of impact pressures of regular waves on a 2D horizontal plate

通过模型试验的方式研究了波浪对二维水平板冲击压力峰值的概率分布。首先,统计分析了水平板底部各测点的压力峰值,发现密闭水平板底部各位置处的压力峰值分布与三参数威布尔分布吻合较好;然后,从统计学与概率论的角度进一步探讨了水平板底部各位置处压力峰值分布函数的参数与测量样本统计特征值之间的关系;最后,通过不同入射波浪工况的对比,分析了威布尔分布各参数与测点相对位置、入射波相对波高以及入射波相对波长之间的关系及其所代表的物理意义。统计分析显示:威布尔分布的相对位置参数(θ/-P)从水平板前端到后端呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在水平板中段较恒定(约为0.6);相对尺度参数(λ/-P),在水平板中段偏小,两端偏大;形状参数(κ)在相对波高较大时,在水平板的中段偏大,并且相对波长大于1.3时,κ在水平板的中部均值随相对波长的增大而减小,相对波长为2时,该值接近于1。

In this research,the probability distribution of impact pressure peaks of regular waves on a 2 d horizontal plate is studied by means of model tests. Firstly,statistical analysis of impact pressure peaks of each sensor underneath the sealed plated is conducted. The results show that at each sensor, the exceeding probability distribution of the impact pressure peaks accords well with the three-parameter Weibull distribution. Then,from the perspective of statistics and probability theory,the relationship between the parameters of Weibull distribution and the statistical characteristic values of measured experimental samples is discussed. Finally,based on statistical results of variant model tests,the effects of the relative position of the sensors,the relative wave height and the relative wavelength of the incident wave on the parameters of the Weibull distribution are given and the physical meanings of the effects are explained. The statistical analysis shows that the relative position parameter( θ/-P) of the Weibull distribution increases first and then decreases from the front end to the back end of the horizontal plate,and is about a constant value in the middle of the horizontal plate( about 0.6);relative scale parameter( λ/-P) is smaller in the middle of the horizontal plate than at both ends;the shape parameter( κ) is larger when the relative wave height is larger,and if the relative wavelength is greater than 1.3,the mean value of κdecreases as the relative wavelength increases;when the relative wavelength is 2,the value of κ is close to 1.