国内外麻痹性贝类毒素风险预警及管控措施的比对分析

Comparison of risk warning and control measures of paralytic shellfish toxin at home and abroad

麻痹性贝类毒素是一类神经肌肉麻痹剂,对人体的作用机理主要是阻断细胞钠离子通道,造成神经系统传输障碍而产生麻痹作用。为保护消费者生命安全,加强我国对PSP的管理控制措施,笔者收集了爱尔兰、澳大利亚、加拿大、欧盟、美国以及英格兰、北爱尔兰、威尔士等发达国家和地区对PSP的风险预警及管理控制措施,比对分析了我国与国外发达地区在风险预警、监测频率、检测方法以及管理控制措施等方面存在的差异,并针对我国在PSP管理控制方面的不足提出了合理的建议,以期为我国行业主管部门建立PSP风险预警系统,进一步完善我国贝类养殖区有毒有害物质监控规划、科学监管贝类养殖生产区提供参考建议。

Paralytic shellfish poisoning is a group of neuromuscular paralytic agents,and its the mechanism of action on the human body is mainly to block the cell sodium ion channels,resulting in paralysis caused by transmission barrier of nervous system.In order to protect the life safety of consumers and strengthen the measures of management and control on PSP,the author collected the risk warning and management control measures on PSP in developed countries and regions including Ireland,Australia,Canada,EU,USA,England,Northern Ireland and Wales.Then we mainly compared and analyzed the differences in risk warning,monitoring frequency,testing methods and management control measures between China and other developed countries and regions.Aiming at the problems of management and control on PSP in China,some reasonable suggestions were put forward,to provide a reference for establishment of PSP risk warning system,improvement the monitoring plan of poisonous and harmful substances and scientific supervision shellfish production areas in shellfish culture.