海洋环境观测预报技术需求与“十三五”发展重点——以北海区为例

Technical Demands and Development Priorities in China's 13th Five-Year Plan Period for Marine Environment Observing and Forecasting:Case Study from the North China Sea

发展海洋环境观测预报技术是认识海洋、开发海洋的一项基础性工作,是发展海洋经济、开发海洋资源的必然要求,具有迫切的国家需求。我国提出了建设海洋强国的宏伟目标,在新的形势下如何进一步提升我国海洋环境观测预报技术水平及业务应用能力,满足海洋事业全面发展的迫切需求,值得我们深入思考和研究。以我国北海区为例,概述了我国海洋环境观测预报技术体系的发展现状,指出了面临的突出技术问题,据此提出了"十三五"期间我国海洋环境观测预报发展的重点,主要包括:数据考古、研发新型观测技术与装备、推动新型观测技术的业务应用、发展智能化的海洋观测数据管理技术、海洋环境组网观测、海洋环境预报精细化、加强国际合作、产学研用结合的业务化支撑体系建设等方面。

The development of marine environment observing and forecasting techniques is one of the fundamental tasks for boosting China's marine economy and exploring marine resources, and thus of vital importance for China. A magnificent objective has been proposed by the State to build China into a maritime power essential for future development. In the new situation, it becomes strategically significant to study how to further enhance China's marine environment observing and forecasting techniques and capability of application to meet the urgent demands of the comprehensive development of China's marine undertakings. Taking the North China Sea for example, this paper outlines the development status of China's marine environment observing and forecasting system in operation and points out the major technical problems inherent with the operational system, based on which it is proposed in this paper that the coming 13th Five-Year Plan period will mark the development priorities of China's marine environment observing and forecasting sector, including data archeology, developing new observing techniques and equipment, promoting the operational application of novel technologies, intelligent techniques for marine data management, networking observation, fine forecasting of numerical model, international cooperation, as well as constructing the operational supporting system featured by the mode of Industry-University-Institute-User Collaboration.