“伎死漢(禪和)”释釋補議

The Reinterpretation on“Jisihan(Chanhe)[伎死漢(禪和)]”

'伎死漢(禅和)'指'站著的死漢(禪和)',爲佛家常見之詈語,如同常人罵詈之語'站著的死人'或是'像死人站著'。'伎死漢(襌和)'之外,中土佛經中尚有'跂(技、岐)死漢(襌和)'等音近異寫形式存在。從現有文獻的用例來看,前述形式的早期寫法可能爲'徛死漢(禪和)',佛經故事傳承的軌跡及文獻版本更迭的脈絡能給予説明。中土佛經中更早尚能見到'立(地)死漢'語,'立(地)死漢'是'伎死漢(禪和)''徛死漢(禪和)'等説法的來源。佛經中也能見到'立死者'例,但'立死者'與'立死漢(禪和)'内部結構有異。從'立死漢(禪和)'到'徛死漢(禪和)''伎(跂、技、岐)死漢(禪和)'轉變的根源在於編録者的吴方言背景。

The "Ji(伎)" of"Jisihan(Chanhe)(伎死漢(禪和))" should be "Ji(椅)",the real meaning of it was "stand",the others were wrong,because of the same pronunciation,"Ji(伎)" and "Ji(徛)" often be used interchangeably. "Jisihan(Chanhe)(伎死漢(禅和))" means "the standing dead man(Chanhe)",it’s the curse words in Buddhism, like the sentence-"the standing dead man" of our daily life. We also saw the early form——"Li(di)sihan(立(地)死漢)"in sutras. There were also another form in Chinese sutras,such as "Ji(ji、qi)sihan(Chanhe)"("跂(技、岐)死漢(禪和)")and"Jisihan(Chanhe)(猗死漢(禪和))". Because the writers have different language backgrounds,so the "Li(di)sihan(立(地)死漢)"change into"Jisihan(Chanhe)(猗死漢(禪和))" and "Ji(Ji、ji、qi)sihan(Chanhe)"("Ji(跂、技、岐)死漢(禪和)").