《慧琳音義》與禪典外來詞對比分析

The Comparison and Analysis between “Huilinyinyi” and Loanword in Analects of Zen

中古時期文化交流頻繁,使得中古漢語展現出豐富的面貌,大批外來詞加入,爲漢語體系注入嶄新的生命力。音義,實爲佛經語言最早的語料庫,可作爲研究外來詞定型的基準點。禪宗語言與佛典語言的分别,是漢語詞彙史研究的重點。本文梳理晚唐五代禪籍的外來詞,與《慧琳音義》對比,並列舉中土文獻用例,了解外來詞從中古至近代的發展狀況。經由對比分析,歸納佛典外來詞發展的不同歷程;不同的面貌,都是詞彙發展的歷程,即詞語定型的過程。此文歸納外來詞由異趨同、定型的歷程,統整《慧琳音義》規範化和後世運用的情形,了解外來詞融入漢語體系的歷程。

In medieval times,it is frequent for Chinese and other nationalities’ cultures to interflow,making the Medieval Mandarincopious.There are a lot of loanwords added to Chinese system,Chinese,therefore,has new appearance.Transliteration word is actually the earliest data bank of Buddhist words;moreover,researching how loanwords be shaped can be done on the basis of it.Zen words is originated fromBuddhist words and expanded more.The difference between them is what researching Chinese lexicon’s history should place importance on.This research sorts the usage of loanwords in analects of Zen in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties,and then compared with "Huilinyinyi".Finally,I list some examples in Chinese ancient books and records to interpret the development of loanwords from medieval times to modern times.By comparing and analyzing,I conclude that there are different course in the development of loanwords in Buddhist.Every course represents different developments from medieval times to modern times.By observing the entire course,we can find that the way loanwords blend into Chinese system is gradually assimilated.