论孔尚任民族情绪的形成及对南明速亡原因的总结

On the Formation of Kong Shangren's National Sentiment and Summary to Reasons for the Demise of Nanming Dynasty

孔尚任虽然出生于清朝,但自幼受到"尊王攘夷""内诸夏而外夷狄"等观念的影响,加之父辈兄长的影响,又曾耳闻清军入关后的暴行,入仕后频繁与明朝遗老交往,逐渐形成了他的民族情绪。孔尚任创作《桃花扇》,很重要的一个动机是再现弘光政权的昏暗、腐朽,并总结南明速亡的原因。

Kong Shangren was born in the Qing Dynasty, however, since his childhood, he had been influenced by the concepts of 'respecting the king and resisting the barbarian' and 'inside the China and outside the wild'. He was also influenced by his parents and brothers., besides, he heard the Qing army’s atrocities after they entered the pass, he frequently interacted with Ming officials after he became an official. All of these experiences constitute his national sentiment. One of the important motivations of Kong Shangren’s creation of 'Peach Blossom Fan' is reappearing the darkness and decay of the Hongguang regime, and summarizing the reasons for the demise of Nanming.