試析《洗冤集錄》的頸喉詞

An Analysis of the Words about Neck and Larynx in Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified

宋代宋慈的《洗冤集錄》(1247)是世界上第一部完整的法醫學專著,記載了宋代檢驗屍傷法令、驗屍方法、死因鑑別、急救處理等多方面的內容。該書是司法檢驗的指南,不但為中國法醫學奠定堅實的基礎,18世紀還傳入欧洲。有英、法、荷、德、韓、日、俄、匈多國譯本。'洗冤集錄'的人體部位比其他性質的典籍詳細,包含核心詞(基本詞)與非核心詞,其人體詞有口語性的和醫學行業語,是探索人體詞流變的難得語料。本文以頸部、喉部詞為對象,觀察該書呈现的頸喉詞系統。

Xiyuan Jilu(Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified)written by Song Ci in the Song dynasty is the world’s first complete collection of legal medical cases.It is a guidebook of legal inspection, discussing regulations of corpse and injury inspections,autopsy procedures,identification of causes of death,and emergency treatments at the time.The book not only laid a solid foundation for China’s legal medicine,but was also introduced to Europe in the 18th century and translated into such languages as English,French,Dutch,German, Korean,Japanese, Russian and Hungarian.Xiyuan Jilu(Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified)describes body parts in greater detail and accuracy than other types of records,with the terms of body parts in this book being not only its kernel words but also jargon in the field of legal medicine,making it a rare corpus for tracing the evolution of terms of body parts.