文学里的空间叙述

Space Narrative in Literature

传统上,文学强调联想及想象,或者文字表达的雅致。晚近,虽强调文学作为一项艺术表现的本质,也都逐渐偏向重视它的内容及用意。但无论它如何形成,也都必须有个引介或线索,甚至背景。单单'时间'是无法成就它的,也唯有借助'空间'的指引,才能引发回荡及共鸣,进而体验其深广意识,提升美感经验。质言之,'空间决定文本'。从写实主义、自然主义到现代主义,乃至后现代主义的文学里,空间一直都没有不在场:从客观描写、感知想象到时空交融,'空间'一直扮演极为关键的角色。准此,吾人谈论文学,无论是创作或赏析,应先认知到'空间'能给定必定更多。

Traditionally,literature emphasizes association and imagination,or the elegance of verbal expression.Recently,although emphasizing the essence of literature as artistic expression,it has gradually tended to stress its content and intention.But regardless of how it is described,it must have an introduction or clue or even a setting.With only'time'it is incapable of achieving anything;only with the help of'space'to point the way can it trigger off reverberation and resonance and thus proceed to go through to its deeper consciousness and promote aesthetic experience.In other words,'space determines text.'From the standpoint of literature as realism,naturalism to modernism,and even postmodernism,space has always been present—in objective description,perception of imagination,and the blending of space-time.'Space'has always played a key role.Given this,when we discuss literature,whether creativity or appreciation,we should first recognize that'space'is definitely able to give more.