海洋钻井用双向减震器的失效机理与应对措施研究

Study on Failure Mechanism and Countermeasures of Two-Way Shock Absorber in Ocean Drilling

针对海洋油气井钻井现场对双向减震器研究的缺陷与不足,以及在使用过程中出现非正常失效等问题,根据双向减震器的结构原理以及现场使用情况对其进行失效机理的研究。在此基础上,制定出一系列操作性强的解决措施。结果表明:密封失效、螺纹损坏、心轴与外筒脱落、九头螺纹设计缺陷等问题是双向减震器失效的主要原因,控制人为损坏、预防密封失效、加强各岗位检查、改进九头螺纹结构等方法是解决双向减震器失效问题的重要措施。该研究结论可以有效降低减震器的失效风险,减少故障发生几率,有利于生产提速和钻井安全。

In view of the deficiencies in the study of two-way shock absorber in marine oil and gas drilling and its abnormal failure,the failure mechanism is analyzed based on the structural principle of two-way shock absorber and field use.On the basis of the analysis,a series of feasible measures are established.The results show that the main causes leading to two-way shock absorber's failure include seal failure,thread failure,loosening between spindle and outer cylinder,and the design defects of nine-thread.Accordingly,avoiding artificial damage,preventing seal failure,strengthening supervision of all positions and improving the nine-thread structure are reasonable choices to avoid shock absorber failure.The conclusions are helpful to effectively reduce the risk of shock absorber failure and the failure probability,which are of great significance to improving production speed and drilling safety.