近代数学没在中国产生的原因分析——再谈李约瑟难题

On the Reason Why the Modern Mathematics didn't Emerge in China

"李约瑟难题"的主要内容是:"虽然中国古代有众多的科技发明,对人类的科技发展做出了重大贡献,但是科学和工业革命为什么没有在近代中国发生?"这个问题涉及对东西方文明的探索和思考,自从被提出就引起了国内外学者的广泛重视.国内外学者研究"李约瑟难题"的态度十分积极,他们从不同的角度对李约瑟难题进行了研究、分析和试解,取得了丰硕的成果.而他们对这个问题的研究方向大致可以分解为"如何理解李约瑟难题"以及"如何解答李约瑟难题"这两个子问题.文章通过对李约瑟难题的内涵与意义的解读以及对其已有研究工作进展的分析,从生产力水平、外部动力以及数学内部本身等方面探究分析近代数学没有在中国产生的原因,并由此得到一些启示.

The main content of the Needham Puzzle is that the ancient China had made a great deal of important contributions to the human development of science and technology,but why the revolution of science and industry didn't take place in modern China? This puzzle raises the exploration and thinking the civilization of the east and the west at the same time,so it has attracted many attentions of the scholars at home and abroad.They are active towards the study,which can be divided into two sub problems:"how to understand the Needham Puzzle"and"how to solve the Needham Puzzle".The scholars at home and abroad had attempted to analyze and solve the Puzzle from many different aspects, and as a result they gained abundant accomplishments.Explaining the meanings of the Needham Prob-lem and analyzing the previous researches progress,the paper investigates and analyzes the reason why modern mathematics failed to emerge in China from many aspects including the social production level, the exterior driving force and the interior of mathematics itself,from which some inspirations have been drawn.